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Objective :To explore P wave dispersion (Pd) change in patients with hypertension ,and study correlation among ambulatory blood pressure indexes and Pd .Methods : A total of 100 patients with hypertension treated in our hospital from Jul 2015 to Jul 2017 were selected as hypertension group .Another 76 healthy subjects without cardio-vascular diseases undergoing physical examination during the same period were selected as normal control group .Ac-cording to circadian rhythm of blood pressure ,hypertension group was further divided into dipper group (n＝36 ) and non-dipper group (n＝64).All subjects received 24h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and 12-lead ECG .P wave maximum time limit (Pmax) ,P wave minimum time limit (Pmin) and Pd were compared among all groups ,and correlation among ambulatory blood pressure indexes and Pd were analyzed .Results : Compared with normal con-trol group ,there were significant rise in Pmax [ (103.13 ± 9.19) ms vs.(118.04 ± 11.14) ms] and Pd [ (24.62 ± 5.96) ms vs.(38.05 ± 7.76) ms] in hypertension group , P＝0.001 both .Compared with dipper group ,there were significant rise in Pmax[ (116.04 ± 10.17) ms vs.(121.13 ± 12.06) ms] and Pd [ (35.05 ± 8.01) ms vs.(40.05 ± 7.16) ms] in non-dipper group , P＝ 0.035 ,0.002. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that Pd was significant positively correlated with 24h mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) ,24h SBP standard deviation (SD) ,24h diastolic blood pressure SD ,SBP load ,daytime mean SBP and nighttime mean SBP (r＝0.291～0.455 ,P＜0.05 or ＜0.01). Conclusion : SBP ,SBP load and blood pressure SD are significant positively correlated with Pd in patients with hy-pertension ,suggesting that these indexes possess higher value in assessing atrial injury in these patients .
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AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal Conbercept combined with retinal photocoagulation in treating diabetic retinopathy (DR) with diabetic macular edema (DME). METHODS: Prospective case study. Totally 48 patients (80 eyes) diagnosed as DR with DME randomized to combined group and laser group. Among them, there were 4 patients with 5 eyes in the moderate stage of non-proliferative DR (NPDR), 38 patients with 65 eyes in the severe stage of NPDR, and 6 cases with 10 eyes in the stage of proliferative DR (PDR). Intravitreal conbercept (IVC) and pan retinal photocoagulation (PRP) were performed in the combined group; the macular grid pattern laser photocoagulation and PRP were performed in the laser group. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT) and laser energy were tested at baseline and repeated at 1wk,1,3,6,and 12mo after PRP. RESULTS: Repeated measures showed an effect of treatment in combined group. Combined group induced increased BCVA at 1wk, 1 and 3mo after PRP, and remained stable in 6 and 12mo after PRP. Laser group induced increased BCVA at 1 and 3mo after PRP, and remained stable in 1wk,6 and 12mo after PRP. Combined group induced decreased CMT at 1wk, 1 and 3mo post PRP,and remained stable in 6 and 12mo after PRP. Laser group induced decreased CMT at 1 and 3mo after PRP, and remained stable in 1wk,6 and 12mo post PRP. There was no laser spot fusion was observed in the two groups during the follow- up. Laser energy in the combined group was lower than that in the laser group. No complications were observed during the follow-up. CONCLUSION: IVC and retinal photocoagulation significantly improves visual and anatomic outcomes in patients with DR complicated with DME. Long - term efficacy remains to be seen.
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AIM:To investigate the effects of 1.8mm coaxial micro incision phacoemulsification on corneal endothelial injury and postoperative visual acuity.METHODS: Totally 145 eyes in 120 patients underwent phacoemulsification from July 2013 to July 2015 were randomly divided into observation group 60 cases (73 eyes) and control group 60 cases (72 eyes).The observation group 60 cases were given 1.8mm coaxial micro incision cataract phacoemulsification operation,while the control group were given traditional 3.2mm coaxial micro incision cataract surgery.The uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA),best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),corneal thickness of incision area,incision width,incision length,macular retinal thickness,surgically induced astigmatism,corneal endothelial cell counts and complications of the two groups were compared.RESULTS: The UCVA and BCVA on 1wk after surgery of the observation group were significantly higher than the control group (t=3.604,7.109;P0.05).CONCLUSION: The 1.8mm micro incision phacoemulsification is helpful to improve the visual acuity of patients with cataract phacoemulsification,which may be related to the reduction of corneal cell injury,enhancement of corneal closure and decrease post-operation corneal original astigmatism.
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<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the effects of mild and moderate hypoxia on human cognitive performance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighteen healthy young male volunteers performed a set of tests of human ergonomics at sea level (300 m in Xi'an) and simulated high altitude of 2 800 m, 3 600 m and 4 400 m for 1 h in hypobaric chamber, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The performance of continuous recognition memory tests compared with the controls' was deteriorated significantly (P < 0.01) after exposure to 2 800 m for 1 h. After exposure to 3 600 m for 1 h, in all test, the reaction time was much longer, the accurate rates were lower and the performance was worse than that of control (P < 0.05). All the parameters were deteriorated with the increment of altitude and the performance of all tests were much worse at 4 300 m for 1 h (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Different parameters of human cognitive performance may have different susceptible thresholds to hypoxia according to the results from our studies. The cognitive performance after exposure to 3 600 m for 1 h was not sufficiently effective for the demands of human ergonomics due to its significant deteriorating changes. However, the performance can be effectively restored after exposure to enough oxygen supply for 1 h.</p>